Liza Sisdenty_20: Kalimat Simple Present & Simple Past Tense

Simple Present Tense

Dalam bahasa Inggris Present Tense atau Simple Present Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan peristiwa atau kejadian, kegiatan, aktivitas dan sebagainya yang terjadi saat ini. Present Tense juga digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu Fakta, atau sesuatu yang tejadi berulang-ulang dimasa kini.

Pola Kalimat

(+) S + V-1 (s/es) + O + keterangan waktu.

(-) S + do/does + not + V-1 + O + keterangan waktu.

(?) Do/does + S + V-1 + O + keterangan waktu?

Contoh :

(+) You study English at MEC every day.

(-) You don't study English at MEC every day.

(?) Do you study English at MEC every day?

Adverb of frequency

- always : selalu Usually : biasanya

- generally : umumnya

- ever : pernah

- Sometimes : kadang-kadang

- occasionally : kadarag-kaclang

- never : tidak pernah

- Seldom : jarang

Adverb of quantity

- once … : sekali ...

- once a day : sekali dalam sehari

- once a week : sekali dalam seminggu

- twice … : dua kali ...

- three times … : tiga kali dalam ...

- every … : setiap ...

Example :

1. I buy the newspaper

2. I drink Tea

3. She watches television

4. I play football everyday

5. You study English every day

6. I leave for office at 6 every morning

7. Father always drinks coffe in the afternoon.

8. The world is round

9. He studies English

10. I work five days a week

ARTICLE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

Global Warming Threatens to kill off a Million Species

The changing climate over the next 50 years is expected to drive a quarter of land animals and plants into extinction, according to the first comprehensive study into the effect of higher temperatures on the natural world. The scale of the disaster facing the planet shocked those involved in the research. They estimate that more than 1 million species will be lost by 2050.

The results are described as "terrifying" by Chris Thomas, professor of conservation biology at Leeds University, who is lead author of the research from four continents published last week in the magazine Nature. Much of that loss – more than one in 10 of all plants and animals is already irreversible because of the extra global warming gases already discharged into the atmosphere. But the scientists say that action to curb greenhouse gases now could save many more.

In South Africa, major conservation areas such as Kruger National Park risked losing up to 60% of the species under their protection, while of 300 South African plant species studied, more than one third were expected to die out, including the

national flower, the King Protea.

Studies in Mexico's Chihuahuan desert confirmed that on flatter land extinction was more likely because a small change in climate would require migrations over vast distances for survival. One third of 1,870 species examined would be in trouble.

The research says that, if mankind continues to burn oil, coal and gas at the current rate, up to one third of all life forms will be doomed by 2050.

Simple Past Tense

Simple past Tense digunakan untuk mengungkapkan kejadian yang telah terjadi pada waktu tertentu di masa lalu. kejadian bisa pendek atau panjang. Berarti juga bisa menjadi beberapa kejadian terjadi satu demi persatu. Secara umum, Ada dua fakta penting yang perlu diingat dalam tenses bahasa inggris ini :

1. Peristiwa di masa lalu yang telah selesai (misalnya : I went to school)
2. Situasi di masa lalu (they lived a normal life until they won a lottery)
3. Serangkaian tindakan di masa lalu

Rumus :
Positif (+)
- Subject + to be (was/were) + complement
- Subject + verb 2 + object
Negatif (-)
- Subject + to be (was/were) + not + complement
- Subject + did not + verb 1 + object
Tanya (?)
- Did + subject + verb 1 + object ?

Keterangan waktu (adverb of time) yang umum digunakan dalam simple past tense :
Yesterday (kemarin, the other day (lain hari), just now (sekarang), the day before yesterday (sehari sebelum kemarin), etc

Example :

1. I played a Playstation this morning.

2. I was a teacher

3. I bought a Pencil yesterday.

4. I was sick this morning

5. She washed yesterday

6. I saw that movie last week.

7. I bought flowers yesterday

8. I wrote a letter for my pen pal last week

9. My Father bought this house last year

10.He played football this afternoon

ARTICLE SIMPLE PAST TENSE

Titanic

The Titanic, with 2,300 passangers aboard, was on its voyage from Southamptom to New York. It was 11.40 p.m on April 14th , 1912 and the sea was calm. Suddenly the look –out man see the enormous. Iceberg ahead!” he said.

Immediately the ship turned, but not soon enough. The iceberg a 300 foot hole in the bull and water began to lean. At 12.05 the captain give the order. “ uncover the lifeboats!”

The wireless operator be out an SOS signal. Six ships began to race towards the Titanic. But the two ships who closest did not hear the desperate calls for help.

At 2 a.m the captain gave the order, “Abandon ship!” in one of the lifeboats there was a young woman, Emily Richards and her baby. She said later, “It was the most frightening sight I have ever seen. The sea was full of bodies. The water was so icy that nobody sink survive for more than a few minutes.”

A few minutes later the Titanic began to slip beneath the surface. One by one the last passengers juml into the sea. Then the stern be up in the air and the Titanic sink quickly out of sight.

At dawn the next morning a rescue boat picked up 750 survivors from the lifeboat. Most of them were first and second class passengers. All their childre off the children who travelled third class, only a third survived.

SUMBER

www.titanic-nautical.com

http://tensesbahasainggris.com/present-tense

http://hamayung.blogspot.com/2011/12/simple-present-tense.html

http://www.belajaringgris.net/belajar-tenses-bahasa-inggris-5-simple-past-tense

docs6.chomikuj.pl/280324230,0,1,adv.pdf